运维进行时

      写爬虫是一项复杂、枯噪、反复的工作，考虑的问题包括采集效率、链路异常处理、数据质量(与站点编码规范关系很大)等。整理自己写一个爬虫程序，单台服务器可以启用1~8个实例同时采集，然后将数据入库。
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- #!/usr/local/bin/python import sys, time, os,string import mechanize import urlparse from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup import re import MySQLdb import logging import cgi from optparse import OptionParser #----------------------------------------------------------------------------# # Name:        TySpider.py                                                            # # Purpose:     WebSite  Spider Module                                         # # Author:      刘天斯                                                                     # # Email:       liutiansi@gamil.com                                                  # # Created:     2010/02/16                                                            # # Copyright:   (c) 2010                                                                # #----------------------------------------------------------------------------# """ |-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 定义 loging class; |-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 功能：记录系统相关日志信息。 | | """ class Pubclilog():     def __init__(self):         self.logfile = 'website_log.txt'     def iniLog(self):         logger = logging.getLogger()         filehandler = logging.FileHandler(self.logfile)         streamhandler = logging.StreamHandler()         fmt = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s, %(funcName)s, %(message)s')         logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)         logger.addHandler(filehandler)         logger.addHandler(streamhandler)         return [logger,filehandler] """ |-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 定义 tySpider class; |-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 功能：抓取分类、标题等信息 | | """ class BaseTySpider:     #初始化相关成员方法     def __init__(self,X,log_switch):         #数据库连接         self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(db='dbname',host='192.168.0.10', user='dbuser',passwd='SDFlkj934y5jsdgfjh435',charset='utf8')         #分类及标题页面Community         self.CLASS_URL = 'http://test.abc.com/aa/CommTopicsPage?'         #发表回复页         self.Content_URL = 'http://test.bac.com/aa/CommMsgsPage?'         #开始comm值         self.X=X         #当前comm id取模，方面平均到表         self.mod=self.X%5         #Community文件下载页         self.body=""         #self.bodySoup对象         self.soup=None         #发表回复页下载内容变量         self.Contentbody=""         #发表回复页内容self.ContentbodySoup对象         self.Contentsoup=None         #日志开关         self.log_switch=log_switch     #======================获取名称及分类方法==========================     def _SpiderClass(self,nextpage=None):         if nextpage==None:             FIXED_QUERY = 'cmm='+str(self.X)         else:             FIXED_QUERY = nextpage[1:]         try:             rd = mechanize.Browser()             rd.addheaders = [("User-agent", "Tianya/2010 (compatible; MSIE 6.0;Windows NT 5.1)")]             rd.open(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY)             self.body=rd.response().read()             #rd=mechanize.Request(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY)             #response = mechanize.urlopen(rd)             #self.body=response.read()         except Exception,e:             if self.log_switch=="on":                 logapp=Pubclilog()                 logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()                 logger.info(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY+str(e))                 hdlr.flush()                 logger.removeHandler(hdlr)                 return         self.soup = BeautifulSoup(self.body)         NextPageObj= self.soup("a", {'class' : re.compile("fs-paging-item fs-paging-next")})         self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()         if nextpage==None:             try:                 Ttag=str(self.soup.table)                 #print Ttag                 """                 ------------------分析结构体-----------------                 <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">                     <tr>                         <td>                             <h1 title="Dunhill">Dunhill</h1>                         </td>                        <td valign="middle">                             <div class="fs-comm-cat">                                 <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-cat"> </span> <a href="TopByCategoryPage?cid=211&ref=commnav-cat">中国</a> » <a href="TopByCategoryPage?cid=211&subcid=273&ref=commnav-cat">人民</a>                             </div>                         </td>                     </tr>                 </table>                 """                 soupTable=BeautifulSoup(Ttag)                 #定位到第一个h1标签                 tableh1 = soupTable("h1")                 #print self.X                 #print "Name:"+tableh1[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8')                 #处理无类型的                 try:                     #定位到表格中符合规则“^TopByCategory”A链接块，tablea[0]为第一个符合条件的连接文字，tablea[1]...                     tablea = soupTable("a", {'href' : re.compile("^TopByCategory")})                     if tablea[0].string.strip()=="":                         pass                     #print "BigCLass:"+tablea[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8')                     #print "SubClass:"+tablea[1].string.strip().encode('utf-8')                 except Exception,e:                     if self.log_switch=="on":                         logapp=Pubclilog()                         logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()                         logger.info("[noClassInfo]"+str(self.X)+str(e))                         hdlr.flush()                         logger.removeHandler(hdlr)                     self.cursor.execute("insert into baname"+str(self.mod)+" values('%d','%d','%s')" %(self.X,-1,tableh1[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8')))                     self.conn.commit()                     self._SpiderTitle()                     if NextPageObj:                         NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0]['href']                         self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL)                         return                     else:                         return                 #获取链接二对象的href值                 classlink=tablea[1]['href']                 par_dict=cgi.parse_qs(urlparse.urlparse(classlink).query)                 #print "CID:"+par_dict["cid"][0]                 #print "SubCID:"+par_dict["subcid"][0]                 #print "---------------------------------------"                                  #插入数据库                 self.cursor.execute("insert into class values('%d','%s')" %(int(par_dict["cid"][0]),tablea[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8')))                 self.cursor.execute("insert into subclass values('%d','%d','%s')" %(int(par_dict["subcid"][0]),int(par_dict["cid"][0]),tablea[1].string.strip().encode('utf-8')))                 self.cursor.execute("insert into baname"+str(self.mod)+" values('%d','%d','%s')" %(self.X,int(par_dict["subcid"][0]),tableh1[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8')))                 self.conn.commit()                                  self._SpiderTitle()                 if NextPageObj:                     NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0]['href']                     self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL)                 self.body=None                 self.soup=None                 Ttag=None                 soupTable=None                 table=None                 table1=None                 classlink=None                 par_dict=None             except Exception,e:                 if self.log_switch=="on":                     logapp=Pubclilog()                     logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()                     logger.info("[ClassInfo]"+str(self.X)+str(e))                     hdlr.flush()                     logger.removeHandler(hdlr)         else:             self._SpiderTitle()             if NextPageObj:                 NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0]['href']                 self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL)     #====================获取标题方法=========================     def _SpiderTitle(self):         #查找标题表格对象(table)         soupTitleTable=self.soup("table", {'class' : "fs-topic-list"})                  #查找标题行对象(tr)         TitleTr = soupTitleTable[0]("tr", {'onmouseover' : re.compile("^this\.className='fs-row-hover'")})         """         -----------分析结构体--------------         <tr class="fs-alt-row" onmouseover="this.className='fs-row-hover'" onmouseout="this.className='fs-alt-row'">             <td valign="middle" class="fs-hot-topic-dots-ctn">                 <div class="fs-hot-topic-dots" style="background-position:0 -0px" title="点击量：12"></div>             </td>             <td valign="middle" class="fs-topic-name">                 <a href="CommMsgsPage?cmm=16081&tid=2718969307756232842&ref=regulartopics" id="a53" title="【新人报到】欢迎美国人民加入" target="_blank">【新人报到】欢迎美国人民加入</a>                 <span class="fs-meta">                 <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-mini-reply"> </span>0                   /                   <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-pageview"> </span>12</span>             </td>             <td valign="middle">                 <a class="fs-tiny-user-avatar umhook " href="ProfilePage?uid=8765915421039908242" title="中国人"><img src="http://img1.sohu.com.cn/aa/images/138/0/P/1/s.jpg" /></a>             </td>             <td valign="middle" style="padding-left:4px">                 <a href="Profile?uid=8765915421039908242" id="b53" title="中国人" class="umhook">中国人</a>             </td>             <td valign="middle" class="fs-topic-last-mdfy fs-meta">2-14</td>         </tr>         """         for CurrTr in TitleTr:             try:                 #初始化置顶及精华状态                 Title_starred='N'                 Title_sticky='N'                 #获取当前记录的BeautifulSoup对象                 soupCurrTr=BeautifulSoup(str(CurrTr))                 #BeautifulSoup分析HTML有误，只能通过span的标志数来获取贴子状态，会存在一定误差                 #如只有精华时也会当成置顶来处理。                 TitleStatus=soupCurrTr("span", {'title' : ""})                 TitlePhotoViewer=soupCurrTr("a", {'href' : re.compile("^PhotoViewer")})                 if TitlePhotoViewer.__len__()==1:                     TitlePhotoViewerBool=0                 else:                     TitlePhotoViewerBool=1                 if TitleStatus.__len__()==3-TitlePhotoViewerBool:                     Title_starred='Y'                     Title_sticky='Y'                 elif TitleStatus.__len__()==2-TitlePhotoViewerBool:                     Title_sticky='Y'                 #获取贴子标题                 Title=soupCurrTr.a.next.strip()                 #获取贴子ID                 par_dict=cgi.parse_qs(urlparse.urlparse(soupCurrTr.a['href']).query)                 #获取回复数及浏览器                 TitleNum=soupCurrTr("td", {'class' : "fs-topic-name"})                 TitleArray=string.split(str(TitleNum[0]),'\n')                 Title_ReplyNum=string.split(TitleArray[len(TitleArray)-4],'>')[2]                 Title_ViewNum=string.split(TitleArray[len(TitleArray)-2],'>')[2][:-6]                 #获取贴子作者                 TitleAuthorObj=soupCurrTr("td", {'style' : "padding-left:4px"})                 Title_Author=TitleAuthorObj[0].next.next.next.string.strip().encode('utf-8')                 #获取回复时间                 TitleTime=soupCurrTr("td", {'class' : re.compile("^fs-topic-last-mdfy fs-meta")})                 """                 print "X:"+str(self.X)                 print "Title_starred:"+Title_starred                 print "Title_sticky:"+Title_sticky                 print "Title:"+Title                 #获取贴子内容连接URL                 print "Title_link:"+soupCurrTr.a['href']                 print "CID:"+par_dict["tid"][0]                 print "Title_ReplyNum:"+Title_ReplyNum                 print "Title_ViewNum:"+Title_ViewNum                 print "Title_Author:"+Title_Author                 print "TitleTime:"+TitleTime[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8')                 """                 #入库                 self.cursor.execute("insert into Title"+str(self.mod)+" values('%s','%d','%s','%d','%d','%s','%s','%s','%s')" %(par_dict["tid"][0], \                                                                          self.X,Title,int(Title_ReplyNum),int(Title_ViewNum),Title_starred,Title_sticky, \                                                                          Title_Author.decode('utf-8'),TitleTime[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8')))                 self.conn.commit()                 self._SpiderContent(par_dict["tid"][0])             except Exception,e:                 if self.log_switch=="on":                     logapp=Pubclilog()                     logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()                     logger.info("[Title]"+str(self.X)+'-'+par_dict["tid"][0]+'-'+str(e))                     hdlr.flush()                     logger.removeHandler(hdlr)     #======================获取发表及回复方法=======================     def _SpiderContent(self,ID,nextpage=None):         if nextpage==None:             FIXED_QUERY = 'cmm='+str(self.X)+'&tid='+ID+'&ref=regulartopics'         else:             FIXED_QUERY = nextpage[9:]         rd = mechanize.Browser()         rd.addheaders = [("User-agent", "Tianya/2010 (compatible; MSIE 6.0;Windows NT 5.1)")]         rd.open(self.Content_URL + FIXED_QUERY)         self.Contentbody=rd.response().read()         #rd=mechanize.Request(self.Content_URL + FIXED_QUERY)         #response = mechanize.urlopen(rd)         #self.Contentbody=response.read()         self.Contentsoup = BeautifulSoup(self.Contentbody)         NextPageObj= self.Contentsoup("a", {'class' : re.compile("fs-paging-item fs-paging-next")})         try:             Tdiv=self.Contentsoup("div", {'class' : "fs-user-action"})             i=0             for Currdiv in Tdiv:                 if i==0:                     Ctype='Y'                 else:                     Ctype='N'                 #发表时间                 soupCurrdiv=BeautifulSoup(str(Currdiv))                 PosttimeObj=soupCurrdiv("span", {'class' : "fs-meta"})                 Posttime=PosttimeObj[0].next[1:]                 Posttime=Posttime[0:-3]                 #IP地址                 IPObj=soupCurrdiv("a", {'href' : re.compile("CommMsgAddress")})                 if IPObj:                     IP=IPObj[0].next.strip()                 else:                     IP=''                 #发表／回复内容                 ContentObj=soupCurrdiv("div", {'class' :"fs-user-action-body"})                 Content=ContentObj[0].renderContents().strip()                 """                 print "ID:"+str(self.X)                 print "ID:"+ID                 print "Ctype:"+Ctype                 print "POSTTIME:"+Posttime                 print "IP:"+IP                 print "Content:"+Content                 """                 self.cursor.execute("insert into Content"+str(self.mod)+" values('%s','%d','%s','%s','%s','%s')" %(ID,self.X,Ctype,Posttime,IP,Content.decode('utf-8')))                 self.conn.commit()                 i+=1         except Exception,e:             if self.log_switch=="on":                 logapp=Pubclilog()                 logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog()                 logger.info("[Content]"+str(self.X)+'-'+ID+'-'+str(e))                 hdlr.flush()                 logger.removeHandler(hdlr)         #如“下一页”有链接刚继续遍历         if NextPageObj:             NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0]['href']             self._SpiderContent(ID,NextPageURL)     def __del__(self):         try:             self.cursor.close()             self.conn.close()         except Exception,e:             pass #遍历comm范围 def initapp(StartValue,EndValue,log_switch):     for x in range(StartValue,EndValue):         app=BaseTySpider(x,log_switch)         app._SpiderClass()         app=None if __name__ == "__main__":          #定义命令行参数     MSG_USAGE = "TySpider.py [ -s StartNumber EndNumber ] -l [on|off] [-v][-h]"     parser = OptionParser(MSG_USAGE)     parser.add_option("-s", "--set", nargs=2,action="store",             dest="comm_value",             type="int",             default=False,             help="配置名称ID值范围。".decode('utf-8'))     parser.add_option("-l", "--log", action="store",             dest="log_switch",             type="string",             default="on",             help="错误日志开关".decode('utf-8'))     parser.add_option("-v","--version", action="store_true", dest="verbose",             help="显示版本信息".decode('utf-8'))     opts, args = parser.parse_args()     if opts.comm_value:         if opts.comm_value[0]>opts.comm_value[1]:             print "终止值比起始值还小？"             exit();         if opts.log_switch=="on":             log_switch="on"         else:             log_switch="off"         initapp(opts.comm_value[0],opts.comm_value[1],log_switch)         exit();     if opts.verbose:         print "WebSite Scider V1.0 beta."         exit;

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